The case concerned a child born in the United States in 2001. The family was habitually resident in Italy. In 2005 the mother wrongfully removed the child to France. On February 15, 2007, the Appeal Court of Paris ordered the return of the child (INCADAT Reference: HC/E/FR 979). The mother removed the child for a second time on November 24, 2007.
On February 5, 2008, the family court judge of the Tribunal de grande instance [ordinary court of first instance] of Paris determined that the removal was wrongful and ordered the return of the child to Italy. The mother appealed.