The boy, an American national, was born in California on 14 July 1993 to an American father and a Spanish mother. Thereafter, the parents separated,
The application related to a child born to an American mother and Italian father. The parents at no stage participated in a conventional relationship. They
Habitual Residence – Art. 3 If the father’s application was to succeed he had to establish that the children were still habitually resident in France
The children, a boy and a girl, were aged 13 and 9 at the date of the alleged wrongful retention. They had spent their entire
The proceedings related to a child, a boy, who was aged 12 at the date of the alleged wrongful removal. He was born in Sweden
The application related to four children aged between 3 1/2 and 9 at the date of the hearing. The eldest child was a child of
The application related to two children, aged six and almost 4, at the date of the alleged wrongful retention. The parents separated in March 2001.
The child, a boy, and his parents, had Serbian nationality. The parents were divorced in Belgrade on 9 March 2000, and the mother obtained custody